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  With the widespread use of WDM systems, more and more problems are beginning to emerge, especially for long distance transmission WDM systems, where signal attenuation has become the primary problem. This is where the WDM optical amplifier repeater family ( OEO ) comes into play.   With the widespread use of WDM systems, more and more problems are beginning to emerge, especially for long distance transmission WDM systems, where signal attenuation has become the primary problem. Although some emerging amplifiers such as EDFA, FRA, SOA have solved the problem of signal attenuation, they are expensive in terms of cost, particularly dangerous in terms of use (FRA) and cannot be used when incompatible equipment needs to be connected (e.g. 1300nm carrier wavelength conversion for optical networks). Since we have different providers for our fibre networks and different standards, we need a certain device to transition from one fibre network to another. This is where the WDM optical...

 Two important developments in fibre optic communication are the increase in transmission rate and the extension of transmission distance. As the transmission rate increases, the factors that limit the transmission distance during signal transmission become more numerous, such as chromatic dispersion, non-linear effects, polarisation mode dispersion, etc., which also affect the simultaneous increase of both. In addition there is no ideal digital channel in the actual transmission process, the signal will always have aberrations and delays in the transmission process of various media, which means error codes and jitter. To reduce the impact of these adverse factors, industry experts have proposed Forward Error Correction, or FEC (Forward Error Correction) for short. FEC is short for Forward Error Correction. Forward Error Correction is a type of error control, which refers to a technique where a signal is pre-processed according to a certain algorithm for coding before being sent i...